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Tax Regulation of Medical Products and Foods for Special Medical Purposes
Terschová, Kateřina ; Adamu, Zdeňka (referee) ; Kopřiva, Jan (advisor)
This thesis focuses in its content on the impact of changes in the rate of value added tax on the subjects of the pharmaceutical market. Thesis explains the basic concepts of taxation and simultaneously describes the theoretical basement of price and reimbursement regulation of medicines and foods for special medical purposes. The thesis contains an analysis of the actual impact of changes in the rate of value added tax on the expenses of health insurance companies and patients.
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Administration of medication in hospital wards
Fuková, Tereza ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Pavlíková, Pavla (referee)
This thesis concerns the administration of medication in hospital wards. The theoretical section describes the process followed by the nurses, the most common types of medication, and drug classification. The thesis then assesses the level of pharmacological and legal knowledge among the nursing staff, and the incidence of clinical mistakes. The data was obtained by means of a 19- question questionnaire, in a survey of 100 nurses in medical, surgical, geriatric and psychiatric wards. Key words: Nurse, medicine, medicament, administration of medication, hospital ward
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The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services
Elišáková, Gabriela ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services This master thesis deals with the price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic and with selected problematic aspects of this field. The thesis describes and analyzes the issue in broader, especially economic, contexts and aims to give the reader a comprehensive view of the subject. The work itself is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter outlines the issue of prices of medicinal products in general and outlines healthcare reforms that have attempted to focus more or less successfully on problematic aspects of the field. The following chapter is devoted to explaining the terms that are key or somehow unclear to health or pharmaceutical law. The third chapter deals with an economic approach to regulation and aims to explain to readers why regulation by state authorities in modern society is in some cases important and in some cases even necessary. There are also described and explained the tools of regulation and at the conclusion of the chapter the economic approach is directly reflected in the situation of the market of medicinal products in the territory of the Czech Republic. The following chapter characterizes the actual entry of a particular...
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Environmental protection against the harmful effects of human medicinal products
Slabá, Kateřina ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
Environmental protection against the harmful effects of human medicinal products Abstract Medicinal products help humanity, but can they be a risk for it? In recent years, the occurrence of their residues in the environment and their impact on it has been monitored. Their occurrence is found to be widespread. Despite the small concentrations in which they occur, they have been shown to affect, for example, aquatic organisms. The issue of residues of medicinal products in the environment is a current topic, beginning to be also addressed by the European Union. The diploma thesis presents the legal regulations of environmental protection against the adverse effects of human medicinal products; it evaluates their effectiveness and, contains proposals de lege ferenda. First, it outlines the issue and the extent of the occurrence of residues of medicinal products in the environment and their risks for it. Furthermore, the work deals with the legal process of registration of medicinal products regulated by European Union law, within which an environmental risk assessment is created. There are described the shortcomings of the risk assessment procedure, the lack of a link to it that would effectively protect the environment, and the non-disclosure of results, which violates the right to information of the...
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Current issues of supplementary protection certificates for medicinal products in the case law of the European court of justice
Révész, Filip ; Petrlík, David (advisor) ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (referee)
1 Current Issues of Supplementary Protection Certificates for Medicinal Products in the Case Law of the European Court of Justice Abstract Supplementary protection certificates (SPCs) are a sui generis industrial property right. Under the conditions, which are explained in more detail in this thesis, they can be obtained for the active ingridients of certain products. The type of products eligible for SPC protection are, inter alia, medicinal products which are characterized by their social importance and therefore by the need to ensure their safety, efficacy and quality. Given that the process of providing these guarantees is both costly and time consuming and that the commercialization of the product is conditional on such guarantees, the period for which medicinal products can benefit from patent protection is therefore shortened. The aim of the SPCs is to compensate for this shortening by an additional period of protection in order to incentivise research that has a positive effect on human health and quality of life. This work analyzes the evolution of the case law of the Court of Justice with regard to an interpretative shift or clarification, in particular as regards the substantive conditions for obtaining a certificate and provisions pertaining to the term of the SPC as laid down in the SPC...
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Legal regulation of healthcare in the Czech Republic
Rajchlová, Denisa ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Štangová, Věra (referee)
5 Abstract Legal regulation of healthcare in the Czech Republic The subject matter of this thesis is legal analysis of provision of healthcare in the Czech Republic and outline of basic problems of provision of healthcare, including proposals for their possible solution and comparison with Supreme Court and Constitutional Court jurisprudence. The thesis deals not only with the specific legal regulations in which the provision of healthcare is regulated, but also with the interpretation of their content, as well as with the legal relations between the entities involved in the provision of healthcare. In addition, the thesis discusses the introduction of the electronization of healthcare, which has the potential to improve the healthcare system in the Czech Republic and make the provided healthcare better, cheaper and more accessible. The thesis is divided into five chapters, which are further subdivided into subchapters. The first chapter is about the basic sources of legal regulation of healthcare at international, European and national level. The second chapter deals with the methods of financing the provided healthcare with a particular emphasis on the public health insurance system in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, chapter three deals more closely with healthcare itself and with the interpretation of...
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Kompetence sester při podávání léčivých přípravků na pracovištích intenzivní péče
HECZKOVÁ, Jana
Medication management is important and very complex part of health care, which is ensured by many healthcare professionals. Intensive care specifics include not only extensive pharmacotherapy but also the administration of medication that can directly and very promptly affect vital signs. This fact brings huge demands on safety during providing care. Traditionally, it is assumed the medication is prescribed by physician, and the nurse ensure administration based on physician?s detailed written prescription. However, activities related to this part of healthcare are currently much more complex. The nurses are expected to be fully competent to fulfil their role in this area at the point of graduation, even in the specialized environment. In addition, it seems that the formal nurses? competencies in medication management are not, in spite of heavy regulation, clearly specified. Although the close relationship between medication management and quality of provided healthcare is obvious, the role of nurses including expected and required demands of current practice have not been analysed in detail yet. The aim of the thesis was to analyse the competencies and nursing role in medication management at intensive care units.Mixed methods design was chosen. Quantitative techniques were used to analyse extent of education and nurses? knowledge in this area, and qualitative techniques were used to analyse current practice and requirements on competence of nurses. There is no difference in formal nurses? clinical competencies in the field of medication management in the Czech Republic depending on the level of education. There is also no difference in extent of pharmacology education during qualifying study at diploma and degree level. However, the current practice in medication management at intensive care units is hugely multifaceted. In some respects its demands greatly exceed the expectations that can be derived from formal set of nurses? clinical competencies in medication management. Although the previous medical doctor?s prescription, especially in case of medication with systemic effect, is considered to be the necessity, the experience of administering this medication in certain circumstances without previous medical doctor?s prescription has been also described. Patient assessment and dose titration of certain medication according to its effect or e.g. laboratory values were described as relatively common part of complex nursing care at this type of workplace, as well as adherence to specific procedures during administration. Particular procedures were workplace related and varied among units but the importance of quality of care was emphasized. The administration of topical medication in specific circumstances, such as eye, oral or skin care in patients with decreased level of consciousness, was perceived more as basic nursing care than medicine administration. However further research will be necessary to verify the extent of this practice. The nurses? knowledge in medication management varied according to the specific topic, but also according to the level of education or previous work experience including previous practice at intensive care environment, although formal competencies in medication management do not differ. Due to the complexity of the medication management and increasing demands on the competence of all healthcare professionals including nurses, it is essential to consider a fundamental revision of the formal nurses? competencies to be necessity at least in this area. Consequently, it could be possible to address the scope, form and content of nursing pharmacology education so that set requirements are met.
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Options of Digital and Social Media Utilization in Pharmaceutical Marketing
Dordová, Alžběta ; Huněk, Filip (advisor) ; Hrabánková, Markéta (referee)
The bachelor thesis Options of Digital and Social Media Utilization in Pharmaceutical Marketing focuses on the specific aspects of a connection between social media and commercial communication related to the over-the-counter medicinal products. The principal aim of the theoretical part of this thesis is to introduce the topic of pharmaceutical advertising, while the practical part is designed to answer the questions of if and how is it suitable to use social media such as Facebook, Instagram or YouTube as channels for distribution of commercial content related to a medicinal product called Skinoren cream. The theoretical part consecutively puts advertising into the context of marketing and media, introduces the importance of the new media including the social media and describes the challenges of legal and ethical regulation of pharmaceutical advertising. The whole topic is then demonstrated in the practical part as an analysis of two real advertising campaigns. The practical part of this thesis then deals with the attitudes of a chosen target group towards advertising utilization of Facebook. The research was executed as a case study using in-depth interviews as a qualitative method of data collection. The interpretation of the collected data shows that - as a strong marketing tool - Facebook...
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Health and advertisin in a tabloid of the First Republic
Soukalová, Kateřina ; Vošahlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee)
Main topic of the diploma thesis is advertising related to health in press of the First Republic in former Czechoslovakia, especially in tabloid newspapers from the press group called Tempo of Jiří Stříbrný. It deals with advertisements related to medical devices, aids or medicinal and dietetic products, as well as health care. It shows that there has been no consistent or consistently observed legislation with regard to such advertising. There were many complaints by doctors or pharmacists about dry-selling advertising in newspapers, about quack advertising and offering charlatan's products. The thesis brings insights into individual thematic types of health-related advertising, describes those that were most often imprinted, which products and services were the most targeted. All this in connection with current medical, pharmacy, or legal discourse about quack advertisements in daily papers or charlatanism as such.
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The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services
Elišáková, Gabriela ; Morávek, Jakub (advisor) ; Lang, Roman (referee)
The Issue of Reimbursement and Price Regulation of Medicinal Products during Provision of Health Services This master thesis deals with the price and reimbursement regulation of medicinal products in the Czech Republic and with selected problematic aspects of this field. The thesis describes and analyzes the issue in broader, especially economic, contexts and aims to give the reader a comprehensive view of the subject. The work itself is divided into nine chapters. The introductory chapter outlines the issue of prices of medicinal products in general and outlines healthcare reforms that have attempted to focus more or less successfully on problematic aspects of the field. The following chapter is devoted to explaining the terms that are key or somehow unclear to health or pharmaceutical law. The third chapter deals with an economic approach to regulation and aims to explain to readers why regulation by state authorities in modern society is in some cases important and in some cases even necessary. There are also described and explained the tools of regulation and at the conclusion of the chapter the economic approach is directly reflected in the situation of the market of medicinal products in the territory of the Czech Republic. The following chapter characterizes the actual entry of a particular...
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